There are eight chapters in this book. Chapter One deals with current literature on curriculum implementation. Chapter Two deals with methodological issues, and research questions asked. This involves discussion of qualitative case study design for studying issues of educational policy formulation, curriculum development, and implementation at school level. Chapter Three presents a brief historical account of the changing pattern of curriculum in Ethiopia with particular emphasis on the purpose of education, context of curriculum implementation, and practices of teaching & learning at different historical and political periods in the country.Chapters Four to Six present three case studies. They describe the background, the nature, and process of policy / curriculum development in Ethiopia and the reality of implementation at school level. Chapter Seven is a cross-site analysis of the key issues emerged out of the three case studies. This focuses on issues to do with top-down and ¿teacher proof.Chapter Eight sets out a number of conclusions and implications.