The political system in Vietnam follows the Soviet style and remains also unchanged despite the country's impressive socio-economic development achievements over the last 35 years. As a result, the political system lags behind the socio-economic reform process and hinders the country's growth potentials. In addition, there has been serious abuse of power and corruption cases, which show critical gaps in power check and balance within the system. The ruling Communist Party of Vietnam (CPV) is well aware of the situation and determines to reform the country's political system. The political power check and balance is a core task of this reform process. This aims not only to combat the abuse of power, corruption and wrongdoings but also maintain the CPV's legitimacy and its leadership in the country in the long-term.It is therefore important to address the above-mentioned gaps in political power delegation and accountability by: First, strengthening the external control of the political system's performance by the people, civil society and media. Second, review and redesign the internal checks and balances mechanisms across Party, state and mass organizations.