Plants have been used from ancient times to attempt cures for diseases and to relive physical suffering. Plants contain some organic compounds which provide definite biochemical action against various diseases on the human body. The curative properties of drugs are due to the presence of complex chemical substances of varied composition (present as secondary plant metabolites) in one or more parts of these plants. Recently many drugs are invented from the plants against various incurable diseases. Based on this phytochemistry, the present volume has been compiled and aims at providing recent data on potential medicinal properties, action and uses of Polygonum lapathifolium to contribute material in the development of new active compound from plants. The volume is divided into 6 chapters. Here we emphasized phytochemistry of P. lapathifolium which possesses the anthelmintic and atiemetic activities by several mechanisms. This volume will be of interest to a wide range of audience including phytochemist, pharmacologist, pharmaceutical chemistry, ethnobotanist and other medical and research scientists engaged in the search of new drugs of plant origin.