This monograph analyses the experiences and concerns relating to population and development in India through an empirical perspective. The papers included in the Monograph attempt to establish linkages between population growth trends and patterns with social and economic development processes in the country. Being a pioneer in recognising the importance of population factors in development process, the Indian experience may be helpful in understanding population and development relationship in a better way. Most of the papers included in the Monograph are based on empirical data and demonstrate the use of analytical techniques and methods for the analysis of empirical observations and making interpretations. They can serve as useful reading material for any population and development training. The Monograph may also be useful to development planners and development policy makers who are interested in integrating population factors in development planning process.