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High Quality Content by WIKIPEDIA articles! Population ecology is a major sub-field of ecology that deals with the dynamics of species populations and how these populations interact with the environment.The older term, autecology (from Greek: , auto, "self"; , oikos, "household"; and , logos, "knowledge") refers to roughly the same field of study, coming from the division of ecology into autecology the study of individual species in relation to the environment and synecology the study of groups of organisms in relation to the environment or community ecology. Odum (1959, p. 8) considered that synecology should be divided into population ecology, community ecology, and ecosystem ecology, defining autecology as essentially "species ecology."