The parendodontic surgery has as its main objective to correct, by surgical means, some failure or failure in conventional endodontic treatment. This is the treatment option when the etiologic agent of the periapical inflammatory process cannot be eliminated conservatively in the search for tissue repair. Thus, the aim of this book is to address the importance of preoperative measures that the dental surgeon should perform prior to a parendodontic surgery. Thus, the information presented informs about the importance of an efficient anamnesis, the available complementary exams, biosafety, preoperative drug therapy, and the management of patients with special needs. Therefore, this work emphasizes that it is up to the dental surgeon to have the necessary knowledge to fully and properly evaluate the patient who will undergo parendodontic surgery. Therefore, the professional, too, must adhere to all reasonable measures for the trans-surgical comfort of his patient and to increase thepossibility of successful surgery.