This book developed from a course in Plant Biotechnology, which I / we have been teaching to graduate, and postgraduate students for the past twelve years. As the subject is now mature, it is possible to present the material by covering the principles and encouraging students to learn how to apply them. Such an approach is particularly efficient as the subject of Plant Biotechnology now is far too advanced, large, and complex for much value to come from attempting to cover the material in an encyclopedia-like fashion or teaching the definitions of the relevant words in a dictionary-like approach. Only the core of Plant Biotechnology can be covered by the present approach. Most of the remainder of the vast subject however, is a logical extension of the ideas and principles presented here.