The psychological trauma and stigma individuals infected with HIV face have led to the establishment of programmes for the prevention, treatment and management of HIV infections. Anaemia is often seen in HIV infected individuals and imbalance/alteration in the levels of cytokine have been reported to cause HIV/AIDS disease progression. Therefore, understanding the mechanisms mediating anaemia that occur in HIV infection and role of pro-inflammatory cytokines in such mechanisms could contribute to improving therapeutic options and disease management. This book throws more light on causes of anaemia and drug that can be used for proper management of anaemia in HIV infection.