The present study titled "Problems and prospects of the National Library of Bangladesh: a case study" is very important to develop the system and the services of the National Library of Bangladesh to cope with the ever increasing informational needs of the information seekers to meet the challenges of the 21st century. The primary objective of the present study is to draw a framework to improve the National library system and services exist in Bangladesh. I have consulted all the materials available regarding the national library system and services throughout the world. I have also collected information about the recent development in this respective field through Internet. I have physically visited the National Library of Bangladesh to observe and to collect information about the existing condition of it. I tried to provide some recommendations for the development of the National library of Bangladesh taking into consideration the national library system and services prevalent all over the world.