The most pressing need for rapid industrialisation of developing countries is to achieve the basic objectives of their economic and social progress. Therefore, industrialisation plays a crucial role in the process of economic development of developing economies.The present book analyses production structure, technical efficiency and Total Factor Productivity (TFP) growth in Indian manufacturing sector during pre and post reform period. Indian manufacturing sector will play a more dynamic role for sustainable development in the years to come through effective implementation of modernization and technology upgradation, better industrial infrastructural facilities, cost effectiveness, encouragement of public and private investment in research and development etc. Also the competitiveness of Indian manufacturing sector can be improved by increasing its productivity and technical efficiency so that this sector acts as a catalyst of socially inclusive and regionally balanced growth in the reformed era.