The topic of the book involves working out a qualifying system for potato improvement based on the fractal analysis of digital images, which is capable of separating potato varieties or identifying qualitative differences in a relatively simple and economical way.The goal of my research project was to find out whether Spectral Fractal Dimension (SFD) value of digital images is applicable to describe various quality characters of potato tubers and if so, under what conditions. I also wanted to decide whether SFD value was suitable for the identification of certain varieties - if so, which condition or conditions make this separation possible. The additional aim of the dissertation is to develop such an up-to-date computer-based information system, which is suitable for both storing breeding and experimental data as well as their complex analyzing.