The continental shelf of India provide excellent sediment records to document changes of environments and sea level during the Quaternary. This book envisages a detailed foraminiferal and petropod records of the late Quaternary sequence from the shelf off northern Kerala. The record of the numerical abundance of benthic foraminifera is associated with nutrient content, bathymetric and other hydrographic parameters. The book records three different biofacies for the innershelf, mid shelf and outer shelf off northern Kerala. Bathymetric distribution pattern of pteropods validates the idea "pteropods as bathometers". The quantitative occurrence of certain benthic foraminifera can be considered as important bio markers for shallow marine sections. The study provides first time sea level data along the western continental shelf of India for the period prior to Last Glacial Maximum.