Composite materials combine the properties of the individual components to produce a variety of materials in an efficient and cost effective manner. Composite materials are used in various applications, including sports equipment, automotive and aerospace industries, food packaging and artificial organs. Materials reinforced with nanoscale components add new dimensions to composite materials and enable further major improvements in functional and structural properties. The incorporation of only a small number of nano-sized particles can result in dramatic property changes of the composite. Several major issues need to be addressed to utilize the full potential of such nanofillers. Among them are the incompatibility or weak interfacial bonding between the matrix and the nanoscale component, and the agglomeration of nano-sized component during processing, resulting in inhomogeneous distribution.
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