The recent developments on sampling theory field by several authors have been presented in this book. The research work shown in this book is primarily concerned with the development of some improved and efficient estimation procedures of population mean, variance and median by using information on auxiliary variables which are readily available at estimation stage or may be made available by diverting part resources. Different kinds of problem formulations and recent estimation techniques related to estimation of population mean, variance and median have been discussed in this book. Estimation procedures described in this book depict excellent coverage of predictive approach, two-phase sampling approach, estimation on successive occasions, cases of non-response and random non-response etc. It is shown that the recent developed estimation procedures are economical and cost effective and capable of producing more reliable estimates of the population parameters. The step by step formulations and derivation of results of recent estimation techniques presented in this book will encourage the researchers to upgrade this field with new ideas.