The monograph uses local materials and documents, many of which are being researched for the first time, to analyze the direction, forms and methods, as well as the results of local government transformations during the great reforms of Emperors Alexander II and Alexander III. The book reveals the main directions of interaction between local government institutions and provincial authorities. The work is addressed to historians, lawyers-professionals, researchers, teachers, students and all those interested in the development of local self-government.