Dentistry is entering an exciting era in which many advances offer opportunities for exploitation in novel and more effective therapies. Advances in the creation of restorative biomaterials, in vitro cell culture technology, tissue grafting, tissue engineering, molecular biology and the human genome projects provide the basis for the introduction of new technologies into dentistry. Regenerative endodontics, a branch of regenerative medicine, is an emerging discipline which uses biologically-based procedures designed to replace damaged, diseased or missing dental structures, including dentine and root as well as cells of the pulp-dentine complex, with living, viable tissues, preferably of the same origin, that restore the normal physiological functions of the pulp-dentine complex.