This book presents sociological perspectives on the Lingayat (also known as Virasaiva) community's religious tradition and modernity. Based on the original sources and on research based on participant observation for more than half a century, the author provides insightful analysis of the distinct features and cultural ethos of this community within the context of India and North America. This book demonstrates the interplay between the forces of tradition and modernity as the Lingayats attempt to maintain their distinct identity while adopting modern ways of life.