Reproductive medicine refers to a branch of medicine that studies the female and male reproductive systems. Family planning, infertility, sexual education, diseases of the reproductive system, puberty, sexual dysfunction and birth control are the issues addressed by this branch of medicine. It deals with the diagnosis, prevention and treatment of diseases, such as cancer, endocrine disorders, infectious diseases and congenital abnormalities. It also deals with ovulation, menopause, menstruation and pregnancy in females, along with the gynecological conditions that affect fertility. Reproductive medicine has enabled the development of artificial reproductive techniques (ARTs), which have provided a solution to human infertility and are now being utilized in wildlife conservation and agriculture. These involve therapeutic approaches and novel technologies for enhancing IVF outcomes and preventing ovarian hyper stimulation syndrome. This book strives to provide a fair idea about reproductive medicine and to help develop a better understanding of the latest advances and clinical practices in this field. It covers in detail some existent and innovative concepts revolving around this domain. This book is appropriate for students seeking detailed information in this area as well as for experts.