Rhaponticin, a stilbene glucoside compound of medicinal plant of Rheum L., has shown several biological effects including antitumor, antithrom-botic, antioxidant, vasorelaxant, defense for gastritis activities. An review of structural characteristics, pharmacology, determination and pharmacokinetics, etc., for Rhaponticin has been presented. Rhaponticin will be a healthy natural drugs in the future.