Cardiovascular diseases have significantly increased. They constitute a serious public health problem whose tendency is increasing in developing countries. This work attempts to establish the relationship between risk factors and the occurrence of cardiovascular diseases and proposes solutions to contain or limit the harm of the disease. The study is conducted in the capital of the DR.Congo (KINSHASA). The sample population of the study is that of the BONDEKO clinic. The tractors studied are both nutritional and environmental analyzed according to a precise methodological approach. Thus, the hypothesis of the study is verified according to the Ki-Carre test. And the results are discussed to draw coherent conclusions between reality and the scientific theory developed.