Rodney Rufus Crowley (November 12, 1836 - 1913) was an American lawyer and politician from New York. He was a New York Inspector of State Prisons from 1876 to 1877. He was born on November 12, 1836 in Mount Holly, Vermont to Parmelia and Rufus Crowley. The family moved in 1841 to Yorkshire, New York, and in 1848 to Randolph, New York. He was admitted to the New York State Bar Association in 1861. He was a Justice of the Peace in Randolph in 1861, 1866 and 1872. He fought in the American Civil War. He enrolled first on August 17, 1861, as a private, and finished the war as a captain. He was wounded in the Battle of Seven Pines and in the Battle of Gettysburg, and discharged for disability on November 6, 1863.