Stem cells derived from one adult tissue may serve as progenitor cells for other tissues, thus broadening their therapeutic potential. Over the last decade, research in dentistry has been evolving expressively in the field of tissue engineering. The search for means to achieve tissue repair, or the generation of new tissue, has the goal to broaden dramatically the therapeutic possibilities over different areas. Stem cells play an important role starting from embryonic development through adulthood. Their potential needs to be unlocked as stem cell therapies are employed to cure diseases. Thus stem cell therapy constitutes a common challenge to both dentists as well as biologists.