History taking is an art and an important component in the patient care. History taking in Pediatric clinics is different from that of other Medical disciplines and has certain specific points related to birth, development, nutrition and immunization etc. Traditionally history taking is taught in Pediatric clinics in a passive manner, where the clinical supervisor or tutor explains students what questions they should ask and in what sequence. It does not give idea to the students about how these questions should be asked and does not give a real life experience. In role play the students themselves act as a patient and doctor and they play out a real life situation. Thus they are actively involved in the learning. The important concepts are then clarified by the facilitator. Thus role play is an important simulation method and a versatile tool in the armamentarium of a Medical teacher. This book will be helpful to all those who are involved in student teaching-learning especiallyin the Medical, surgical or nursing field.