Maintenance of primary dentition until physiological exfoliation helps in proper mastication, phonation and aesthetics which also prevents the development of harmful habits in children. This is the reason why primary teeth with pulpitis or pulp necrosis should be considered for endodontic evaluation. There is a progressive change in the field of endodontics in Paediatric dentistry, leading to a paradigm shift from using manual hand files to rotary files for primary teeth root canal preparation. Rotary systems require lesser instrumentation time than that of manual techniques. This factor is relevant in Paediatric dentistry as it allows faster procedures leading to patient cooperation while maintaining quality and safety. A new generation of endodontic instruments, made from a remarkable Nickel-Titanium alloy, has added a striking new dimension to the practice. This alloy has completely changed the endodontics, initially with respect to the manufacture of manual instruments and then with the rotary endodontic instruments. This book explains the Rotary instruments which are being used for Endodontic procedures which may help Paediatric dentists for clear understanding about it.