Rotary endodontics has emerged as a significant treatment modality in the endodontic field. With the introduction of nickel titanium, mechanical root canal preparation has quickly become a widely accepted modality in endodontics. The enhanced preparation results, along with reduced preparation time have prompted the rapid adoption of rotary instrumentation. Pediatric endodontics is one of the important clinical procedures used for the treatment of pulp therapies in children. Loss of primary teeth leading to space loss is an important issue which needs attention in the field of pediatric dentistry. Successful root canal treatment depends on biomechanical preparation performed on root canals that preserves the radicular anatomy. The main aim of cleaning and shaping the root canal system is removing soft and hard tissue, making space for irrigants, obturating material in the radicular structure. To take full advantage of this rapidly increasing modality, it is necessary to have goodknowledge about instrument design and its working. Once armed with these weapons, a Pedodontist can evaluate and effectively use any instrument or technique that leads to overall clinical success.