Endodontics in primary teeth can be a time consuming and challenging task for a clinician. Ever since Barr introduced rotary endodontics in pediatric dentistry, root canal therapy in primary molars has seen a continuous evolution. As rotary files are more convenient to use, their application is more appropriate in young children with behavior management issues.However, primary teeth root canal systems can be instrumented by both manual and rotary file systems but rotary technique has the advantage of well controlled forces leading to uniform dentin removal and canal preparation and shortest instrumentation time. With more than a decade of usage of rotary instruments, it may be said that they can deliver predictable success in primary teeth pulpectomies.