Development of economically favourable resource-saving methods of mechanical processing of materials by creating a design of cutting tools, auxiliary mandrels, providing an increase in the durability of cutting tools, productivity, improving the quality of the machined surface and reducing energy consumption. Results and their novelty: scientific bases of machining technology as well as a new method of multiblade rotary machining have been developed; the physical mechanism of phenomena arising at the elementary section of the contact zone has been established; the characteristics of problematic types of machining have been determined: the length of chip contact with the front surface of the tool, contact stresses and contact friction, as well as the role of the front and rear angles of the tool in the machining process; the possibility of combined machining by hardening and smoothing directly has been substantiated. Recommendations: the developed technology makes it possible to achieve the required quality of the machined surface, excluding the need for abrasive treatment. In technological processes of metal cutting, the method can be realised on lathe, planer and milling machines.