Rural and community development in Nigeria have been at the center of policy practices over many years.This is borne out of the general consensus that the economy of Nigeria depends on the viability of the rural productive sector,largely dominated by agrarian-based activities.Consequently,rural and community development have been historically linked to the development of agriculture and the exploitation of natural resources.This book attempts a comprehensive review of rural and community development practices in Nigeria from pre-to post-independence periods.The book addresses some basic concepts of rural and community development in a manner that is relevant for understanding the general dynamics of rural and community development Nigeria.The book is organized into six chapters in an attempt to address broad range of rural and community development issues spanning from definition to concepts such as rural poverty,rural social planning,participatory development,gender and rural development,self-help,real and felt needs,etc. The book will be useful to policy makers,academics,students and development practitioners.