The book analyzes a historical, economic, legal, philosophical and political aspects of the Trans-Siberian payments ("royalty") for overflying of foreign airlines through the Russian airspace on short air routes across Siberia. Comparative analysis has been done of air navigation services charges on airways of Russia and some countries of Europe, North America and the Asia-Pacific region, as well as characteristic of Russian refueling stations of civil aviation. Presents the production and business activities of Russian and European air navigation service providers: the Federal State Unitary Enterprise "State ATM Corporation" and the international organization EUROCONTROL. It has been proposes a fair solution to the problem of Trans-Siberian "royalty" in accordance with international air law and the principles of the World Trade Organization.