Charles C Han, A Ziya Akcasu

Scattering and Dynamics of Polymers

Seeking Order in Disordered Systems

• Gebundenes Buch

Produktbeschreibung

Scattering is a very powerful tool to study the structure of polymers. Recent technical developments have strongly enhanced the possible applications of this technique, overcoming previous limitations. In Scattering and Dynamics of Polymers, Han and Akcasu present a comprehensive treatment of these new developments in a way that is accessible for students and researchers new to the topic. Furthermore, not only do the authors introduce how to use scattering to probe the static and dynamic properties of macromolecules, but also correlate the fluctuation and diffusions to the phase transitions. Han and Akcasu begin with a traditional treatment of light scattering from plane waves, followed by consistent application of density (in both real and Fourier space) correlation functions in both space and time. The authors do not distinguish among light, X-ray, and neutron, excepting their scattering length, q-range, coherence and detection differences. Readers can therefore concentrate on exactly the scattering tools they need to use, while theoretical explanation on the physics of scattering can be made much more simplified and uniform. * Presents the latest development in the field of scattering in a uniform, systematic manner * Arms readers with both theoretical and experimental aspects * Gives a much simpler theoretical explanation on the physics of scattering * Demonstrates application of experimental techniques The book is intended for graduate students and professional scientists in polymer science, chemical engineering, biophysics, materials science, and soft condensed matter. It can be used as a text for advanced courses on Scattering and Polymer Physics, Polymer Physical Chemistry, Soft Matter and Complex Fluid, Physical Chemistry of Polymers, Polymeric Materials, Polymer Physics, Polymer Dynamics, Structures and Properties of Polymeric Materials, and a supplementary text for a general course in polymer science, materials science, biophysics and soft matter physics. Researchers and engineers in relevant fields will also find this book to be a helpful reference.

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Produktdetails

• Verlag: Wiley
• Seitenzahl: 352
• Erscheinungstermin: 9. August 2011
• Englisch
• Abmessung: 249mm x 173mm x 23mm
• Gewicht: 771g
• ISBN-13: 9780470824825
• ISBN-10: 0470824824
• Artikelnr.: 33611030

Autorenporträt

Charles C. Hanis a Professor of Polymer Physics at Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, where he has served as the Director and Chief Scientist of the Joint Laboratory of Polymer Science and Materials, and the Director of the State key Laboratory of Polymer Physics & Chemistry. He has also worked as an adjunct professor at Peking University, Sichuan University, Qingdao University of Science & Technology and Tsinghua University, as well as a visiting professor at Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences. He worked as a research scientist and group leader for the National Institute of Standards & Technology from 1974 to 2002. From 1985 to 1989, Han was the US Representative at VAMAS (Versailles Project on Advanced Materials & Standards). Han is a member of American Chemical Society, American Physical Society and Sigma X. Han's research mainly concentrated in the area of Scattering (including static and dynamic light scattering and neutron scattering) in Polymer Physics: Solutions, Bulk, and Blends and he holds four US patents and ten China patents. He also holds considerable honors including High Polymer Physics Prize (American Physical Society). He is also a very active with the editorial boards of Polymer journals. Han received a B.S. from National Taiwan University in Chemical Engineering, a M.S. from University of Houston and a Ph.D. from University of Wisconsin, both in physical chemistry. Ziya Akcasu is a Professor Emeritus of Nuclear Engineering at the University of Michigan. His research interests include nonlinear reactor dynamics, theory and applications of stochastic differential equations, dynamics of dense fluids, calculation of time-correlations and transport coefficients, dynamics of macromolecular solutions and melts. He received a Ph.D. in Nuclear Engineering from the University of Michigan and worked for the school since then.

Inhaltsangabe

Foreword by Professor (Timothy P. Lodge).
Foreword by Professor (Hyuk Yu).
Preface.
1 Plane Waves, Scattering, and Polymers.
1.1 Single-Particle Scattering/Multi-Particle Scattering.
1.2 Molecular Weight of Particles with Thermodynamic Interactions.
1.3 Scattering Structure Factor of a Polymer/Point Scattering.
Approximation.
Appendix.
1.A Thermodynamics.
References.
2 Fluctuations, Correlation, and Static/Dynamic Scattering.
2.1 Space-Time Correlation Function.
2.2 Density in q and t Space.
2.3 Some Properties of Sðq; tÞ and Dynamic Scattering.
2.4 Examples of Dynamic Light Scattering in Polymer Solutions.
2.4.1 Concentration Dependence of Diffusion Coefficient at Various
Molecular Weights and Temperatures.
2.4.2 Molecular Weight and Temperature Dependence of Polymer Dimensions in
Solutions.
2.4.3 Molecular Weight and Temperature Dependence of Intrinsic Viscosity of
Polymer Solutions.
2.4.4 Dynamic Light Scattering in Polydisperse Polymer Solutions.
2.4.5 Molecular Weight Measurement by Dynamic Light Scattering.
2.4.6 Dynamic Light Scattering of Dilute Polymer Solutions in the
Nonasymptotic q-Region.
2.4.7 Dynamic Light Scattering of Semidilute Polymer Solutions.
2.5 Light, X-Ray, and Neutron Scattering.
2.5.1 Light Scattering from Dipoles.
2.5.2 Scattering of X-Rays by Electrons.
2.5.3 Scattering of Neutrons by Nucleus.
2.5.4 Comparision of Light, X-Ray, and Neutron as a Probing Scattering
Wave.
Appendix.
2.A Gaussian Stochastic Variable Approximation.
2.B Spin Incoherence.
2.C The Basic Scattering Laws for Incompressible Systems.
References.
3 Dynamics and Kinetics of Phase Separation in Polymer Systems.
3.1 Thermodynamics of Polymer Blends.
3.1.1 Flory-Huggins Lattice Model and Phase Diagram of Binary Polymer
Blend.
3.1.2 Ehrenfest Classification of Phase Transition and Thermodynamic
Stability.
3.2 The Theory of Kinetics of Phase Separation.
3.2.1 Free-Energy Functional in a Binary Polymer Mixture.
3.2.2 Kinetics of Binary Polymer Blends, and the Linear Cahn-Hilliard-Cook
Theory.
3.2.3 Langevin Equation in Nonlinear Systems.
3.3 Spinodal Decomposition in Normal Binary Homopolymer Systems.
3.3.1 More Details on the Cahn-Hilliard Theory.
3.3.2 Experiments on Spinodal Decomposition.
3.3.3 Phase Dissolution.
3.3.4 Temperature Step Experiments within the One-Phase Region.
3.3.5 Summary.
3.4 Nucleation Phase Separation.
3.4.1 Fluctuations in the Metastable Region.
3.4.2 Nucleation Process.
3.4.3 Properties of the Nuclei.
3.4.4 Summary.
3.5 Phase Separation and Phase Behavior under Shear Flow.
3.5.1 Shear Effect in the One-Phase Region.
3.5.2 Shear Effect in the Two-Phase Region.
3.5.3 Shear-Induced Demixing.
3.5.4 Nucleation Phase Separation under Shear Flow and Other Rheological
Methods.
3.5.5 Summary.
3.6 Spinodal Decomposition in Complicated Systems.
3.6.1 Viscoelastic Phase Separation.
3.6.2 Spinodal Decomposition with A-B Diblock Copolymeras Additive.
3.6.3 Spinodal Decomposition in Hydrogen Bonding System.
3.6.4 Reaction-Induced Phase Separation.
3.6.5 Phase Separation with Wetting Phenomenon.
3.6.6 Coupling between Phase Separation and Crystallization.
Appendix.
3.A Nonlinear Langevin Equation Approach to the Kinetics of Polymer
Mixtures.
3.A.1 The Most Probable Path.
3.A.2 Evolution of the Thermal Fluctuations about the Deterministic Path.
3.A.3 Implications of Equation 3.A.24.
3.A.4 Concluding Remarks.
References.
4 Statistical Mechanical Approach to the Theory of Dynamic Scattering.
4.1 Introduction.
4.2 A Brief History of Brownian Movement.
4.3 Einstein's Explanation of Brownian Movement.
4.4 Langevin Equation Approach.
4.5 Scattering from Non-interacting Brownian Particles.
4.6 Zwanzig-Mori Projection Operator Technique.
4.7 Molecular Theory of Brownian Movement.
4.8 Markov Processes and Fokker-Planck Equation.
4.8.1 Random Processes.
4.8.2 Kramers-Moyal Expansion.
4.9 Stochastic Differential Equation and Fokker-Planck Equation.
4.10 Rouse Dynamics.
4.11 Hydrodynamic Interaction.
4.12 Kirkwood-Risemann Equation.
4.13 Diffusion Coefficient.
4.14 Molecular Weight Dependence of the RG=RH-Ratio and a Method for
Measuring the Draining Parameter.
4.15 Calculation of the Dynamic Scattering Function.
4.15.1 Interacting Brownian Particles in Solution.
4.15.2 Generalized Langevin Equation for S(q,t) in a Dilute Solution:
Projection Operator Formalism.
4.15.3 Dynamic Scattering Function for a Gaussian Chain without
Hydrodynamic Interaction (Rouse Dynamics).
4.15.4 Other Forms of Sðq; tÞ.
4.15.5 The Effect of Hydrodynamic Interaction.
Appendix.
4.A Radius of Gyration.
4.B Diagonalization of the Rouse Matrix A.
4.C Solution of the Diffusion Equation without Hydrodynamic Interaction.
4.D Solution.
4.E Some Trigonometric Formulae.
References.
Index.