The Russian school today is going through one of the most dramatic stages of its history. The structures of the totalitarian state have been destroyed, and with them the well-adjusted system of education management. Programs and textbooks are hopelessly outdated, as is the "question-and-answer" method of transferring regulated knowledge, skills, and abilities. Pedagogues and philosophers offer a variety of concepts of the educational process, innovative teachers - original methods and techniques of education. Various types of schools arise: public, private, alternative. At the same time the question about the goals, content, teaching methods remains open and is of concern not only to the domestic school, but is relevant worldwide.