Gershon Ben-Shakhar, Marianna Barr
Science, Pseudo-science, Non-sense, and Critical Thinking
Why the Differences Matter
Gershon Ben-Shakhar, Marianna Barr
Science, Pseudo-science, Non-sense, and Critical Thinking
Why the Differences Matter
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An authoritative but engaging examination of the practices of graphology, lie detection, and "cold reading" techniques which exposes their fragile and unscientific basis and considers the question of why so many people continue to believe in their worth and validity.
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An authoritative but engaging examination of the practices of graphology, lie detection, and "cold reading" techniques which exposes their fragile and unscientific basis and considers the question of why so many people continue to believe in their worth and validity.
Produktdetails
- Produktdetails
- Verlag: Taylor & Francis
- Seitenzahl: 148
- Erscheinungstermin: 29. November 2018
- Englisch
- Abmessung: 193mm x 130mm x 10mm
- Gewicht: 181g
- ISBN-13: 9781138301030
- ISBN-10: 1138301035
- Artikelnr.: 54345868
- Verlag: Taylor & Francis
- Seitenzahl: 148
- Erscheinungstermin: 29. November 2018
- Englisch
- Abmessung: 193mm x 130mm x 10mm
- Gewicht: 181g
- ISBN-13: 9781138301030
- ISBN-10: 1138301035
- Artikelnr.: 54345868
Gershon Ben-Shakhar is a Professor Emeritus in the Department of Psychology, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, and a leading expert in the psychophysiological detection of deception. Marianna Barr studied English and Comparative Literature. She has written and translated poetry as well as translated numerous theoretical books, essays, and short stories.
Preface
Acknowledgments
Introduction
Chapter One
You Have Great Unfulfilled Potential: Cold (Psychic) Reading
What is Cold Reading?
Tarot Cards
Cold Reading and Psychological Science
How does it Work?
Why does it Work?
How Much Does it Cost?
Bibliography
Chapter Two
"They Love you and you know that": Astrology
An Overview of Astrology
Astrology and Science
Bibliography
Chapter Three
Show me your handwriting and I'll tell you who you are: Graphology
Science and Pseudo-Science
History of Graphology
The Use of Graphology
Is Handwriting Truly a Mirror of our Personality?
The Validity of Graphology
Bibliography
Chapter Four
Pinocchio's Nose: The Truth behind the Lie-Detector
Oops, an Innocent Man has been condemned to Life Imprisonment
Lying, Honesty and the Desire to Tell them Apart
The Truth will out: A Brief History of the Polygraph
The Relevant/Irrelevant Question Test (R/I)
The Control (Comparison) Question Test (CQT)
The Direct Lie Test (DLT)
The Concealed Information Test (CIT)
The CQT versus the CIT - where is the Scientific Basis?
Accuracy of the CQT versus the CIT
The Use of the Polygraph in Screening and Classification Processes
The Use of the Integrity Test as an Alternative to the CQT
Bibliography
Chapter Five
"Since Man Cannot Live without Miracles, he will Provide Himself with
Miracles of his Own Making": The belief in Practices based on Cold Reading,
Mysticism, and Pseudo-Science
The Need to Believe
Abuse of the need to believe
Popular Beliefs
Bias in Human Judgment
The Clients' Belief
The Burden of Doubt and Incertitude
The Need to Remove Personal Responsibility
The Influence of the Barnum Effect
Bias for Positive Evidence
Social and Cultural Influences (Conformity)
Shifting the Burden of Proof
The Practitioners' Belief
The Confirmation Bias
Illusory Validity
Bibliography
A Final Word
Acknowledgments
Introduction
Chapter One
You Have Great Unfulfilled Potential: Cold (Psychic) Reading
What is Cold Reading?
Tarot Cards
Cold Reading and Psychological Science
How does it Work?
Why does it Work?
How Much Does it Cost?
Bibliography
Chapter Two
"They Love you and you know that": Astrology
An Overview of Astrology
Astrology and Science
Bibliography
Chapter Three
Show me your handwriting and I'll tell you who you are: Graphology
Science and Pseudo-Science
History of Graphology
The Use of Graphology
Is Handwriting Truly a Mirror of our Personality?
The Validity of Graphology
Bibliography
Chapter Four
Pinocchio's Nose: The Truth behind the Lie-Detector
Oops, an Innocent Man has been condemned to Life Imprisonment
Lying, Honesty and the Desire to Tell them Apart
The Truth will out: A Brief History of the Polygraph
The Relevant/Irrelevant Question Test (R/I)
The Control (Comparison) Question Test (CQT)
The Direct Lie Test (DLT)
The Concealed Information Test (CIT)
The CQT versus the CIT - where is the Scientific Basis?
Accuracy of the CQT versus the CIT
The Use of the Polygraph in Screening and Classification Processes
The Use of the Integrity Test as an Alternative to the CQT
Bibliography
Chapter Five
"Since Man Cannot Live without Miracles, he will Provide Himself with
Miracles of his Own Making": The belief in Practices based on Cold Reading,
Mysticism, and Pseudo-Science
The Need to Believe
Abuse of the need to believe
Popular Beliefs
Bias in Human Judgment
The Clients' Belief
The Burden of Doubt and Incertitude
The Need to Remove Personal Responsibility
The Influence of the Barnum Effect
Bias for Positive Evidence
Social and Cultural Influences (Conformity)
Shifting the Burden of Proof
The Practitioners' Belief
The Confirmation Bias
Illusory Validity
Bibliography
A Final Word
Preface
Acknowledgments
Introduction
Chapter One
You Have Great Unfulfilled Potential: Cold (Psychic) Reading
What is Cold Reading?
Tarot Cards
Cold Reading and Psychological Science
How does it Work?
Why does it Work?
How Much Does it Cost?
Bibliography
Chapter Two
"They Love you and you know that": Astrology
An Overview of Astrology
Astrology and Science
Bibliography
Chapter Three
Show me your handwriting and I'll tell you who you are: Graphology
Science and Pseudo-Science
History of Graphology
The Use of Graphology
Is Handwriting Truly a Mirror of our Personality?
The Validity of Graphology
Bibliography
Chapter Four
Pinocchio's Nose: The Truth behind the Lie-Detector
Oops, an Innocent Man has been condemned to Life Imprisonment
Lying, Honesty and the Desire to Tell them Apart
The Truth will out: A Brief History of the Polygraph
The Relevant/Irrelevant Question Test (R/I)
The Control (Comparison) Question Test (CQT)
The Direct Lie Test (DLT)
The Concealed Information Test (CIT)
The CQT versus the CIT - where is the Scientific Basis?
Accuracy of the CQT versus the CIT
The Use of the Polygraph in Screening and Classification Processes
The Use of the Integrity Test as an Alternative to the CQT
Bibliography
Chapter Five
"Since Man Cannot Live without Miracles, he will Provide Himself with
Miracles of his Own Making": The belief in Practices based on Cold Reading,
Mysticism, and Pseudo-Science
The Need to Believe
Abuse of the need to believe
Popular Beliefs
Bias in Human Judgment
The Clients' Belief
The Burden of Doubt and Incertitude
The Need to Remove Personal Responsibility
The Influence of the Barnum Effect
Bias for Positive Evidence
Social and Cultural Influences (Conformity)
Shifting the Burden of Proof
The Practitioners' Belief
The Confirmation Bias
Illusory Validity
Bibliography
A Final Word
Acknowledgments
Introduction
Chapter One
You Have Great Unfulfilled Potential: Cold (Psychic) Reading
What is Cold Reading?
Tarot Cards
Cold Reading and Psychological Science
How does it Work?
Why does it Work?
How Much Does it Cost?
Bibliography
Chapter Two
"They Love you and you know that": Astrology
An Overview of Astrology
Astrology and Science
Bibliography
Chapter Three
Show me your handwriting and I'll tell you who you are: Graphology
Science and Pseudo-Science
History of Graphology
The Use of Graphology
Is Handwriting Truly a Mirror of our Personality?
The Validity of Graphology
Bibliography
Chapter Four
Pinocchio's Nose: The Truth behind the Lie-Detector
Oops, an Innocent Man has been condemned to Life Imprisonment
Lying, Honesty and the Desire to Tell them Apart
The Truth will out: A Brief History of the Polygraph
The Relevant/Irrelevant Question Test (R/I)
The Control (Comparison) Question Test (CQT)
The Direct Lie Test (DLT)
The Concealed Information Test (CIT)
The CQT versus the CIT - where is the Scientific Basis?
Accuracy of the CQT versus the CIT
The Use of the Polygraph in Screening and Classification Processes
The Use of the Integrity Test as an Alternative to the CQT
Bibliography
Chapter Five
"Since Man Cannot Live without Miracles, he will Provide Himself with
Miracles of his Own Making": The belief in Practices based on Cold Reading,
Mysticism, and Pseudo-Science
The Need to Believe
Abuse of the need to believe
Popular Beliefs
Bias in Human Judgment
The Clients' Belief
The Burden of Doubt and Incertitude
The Need to Remove Personal Responsibility
The Influence of the Barnum Effect
Bias for Positive Evidence
Social and Cultural Influences (Conformity)
Shifting the Burden of Proof
The Practitioners' Belief
The Confirmation Bias
Illusory Validity
Bibliography
A Final Word