The monograph attempts to substantiate the inevitability and scientific and technological foundations (paradigm) of the new (sixth) technological mode of the Russian dairy industry from the perspective of post-genomic concepts of fundamental sciences and global challenges of biocenosis of planet Earth. The monograph is intended for professionals of the dairy industry - specialists and teachers; students - bachelors and masters in the field of training 19.03.01 and 19.04.01 "Biotechnology" profile "Biotechnology of food and biologically active substances", 19.03.03 and 19.04.03 "Animal food" profile "Technology of milk and dairy products", graduate students of training 19.06.01 "Industrial ecology and biotechnology" profile "Biotechnology of food and biologically active substances", as well as anyone who int