In recent years, there has been a growing body of literature investigating metacognition in second language listening. The theoretical underpinning of the majority of these studies is that metacognition and listening are individual psychological processes. This led to a limited understanding of metacognition in listening that highlights the regulation of oneself, whilst disregarding the communication partner and the wider context. The present book represents a study that investigates and re-conceptualizes metacognition in second language listening. Informed by a sociocultural and dialogical perspective on discourse and thought, this work offers new insights that recognize second language listeners' metacognitive awareness and activities as social and discursive processes.