Semantic Theories in Europe, 1830-1930
From etymology to contextuality
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Main description:It is widely believed by historians of linguistics that the 19th-century was largely devoted to historical and comparative studies, with the main emphasis on the discovery of soundlaws. Syntax is typically portrayed as a mere sideline of these studies, while semantics is seldom even mentioned. If it comes into view at all, it is usually assumed to have been confined to diachronic lexical semantics and the construction of some (mostly ill-conceived) typologies of semantic change. This book aims to destroy some of these prejudices and to show that in Europe semantics was an impo...
Main description:
It is widely believed by historians of linguistics that the 19th-century was largely devoted to historical and comparative studies, with the main emphasis on the discovery of soundlaws. Syntax is typically portrayed as a mere sideline of these studies, while semantics is seldom even mentioned. If it comes into view at all, it is usually assumed to have been confined to diachronic lexical semantics and the construction of some (mostly ill-conceived) typologies of semantic change. This book aims to destroy some of these prejudices and to show that in Europe semantics was an important, although controversial, area at that time. Synchronic mechanisms of semantic change were discovered and increasing attention was paid to the context of the sentence, to the speech situation and the users of the language. From being a semantics of transformations', a child of the biological-geological paradigm of historical linguistics with its close links to etymology and lexicography, the field matured into a semantics of comprehension and communication, set within a general linguistics and closely related to the emerging fields of psychology and sociology.
Table of contents:
- 1.0 Introduction
- 1.1 The Importance of the History of Semantics for the History of Linguistics
- 1.2 Review of Literature
- 1.3 The Purpose and Scope of This Book
- 1.4 General Overview
- Part I
- 2.0 The Development of Semasiology in Germany
- 2.1 Introduction and Overview
- 2.2 Reisig ' A Broad Programme for Semasiology
- 2.3 Tobler's Etymo-Logical Semasiology
- 2.4 Haase ' Semasiology between History and Philosophy
- 2.5 Heerdegen ' Logico-Historical Semasiology at Its Best
- 2.6 Hey ' Towards a Psychological Semasiology
- 2.7 The Psychological Tradition in Semasiology ' Völkerpsychologie Mark 1
- 2.8 The Schoolmasters' Interlude ' Thomas and Schmidt
- 2.9 The Psychological Tradition in Semasiology ' Völkerpsychologie Mark 2
- 2.10 Official Semantics and Semantic Innovators
- 2.11 Meaning and Emotion
- 2.12 Stern's Theory of Meaning and Change of Meaning
- Part II
- 3.0 The Development of la Sémantique in France
- 3.1 Introduction
- 3.2 Ideology and Lexiology
- 3.3 Littré ' Semantics and Lexicography
- 3.4 Bréal ' First Steps towards Semantics as a Human Science
- 3.5 Darmesteter ' A First Programme for Semantics
- 3.6 Back to Bréal and the Establishment of la sémantique
- 3.7 Back to Darmesteter and a Biological-Rhetorical Model for Semantic Change
- 3.8 Darmesteter ' A Centre of Innovations and Controversies
- 3.9 Bréal's Essai de sémantique
- 3.10 French Psycho-Semantics
- 3.11 French Socio-Semantics
- 3.12 From Diachrony to Synchrony
- 3.13 Conclusion
- Part III
- 4.0 The Development of Semantics in England ' From Sematology to Significs and Beyond
- 4.1 Introduction
- 4.2 Smart's Sematology
- 4.3 Garnett's Criticism of English Lexicography
- 4.4 The New Philological Approach to Meaning
- 4.5 Meaning, Action, and Mind
- 4.6 Language, Thought, and Meaning
- 4.7 British Contextualism
- Notes
- Abbreviations
- Bibliographies of Primary Sources
- Semasiology in Germany (1800-1950)
- La sémantique in France (1800-1950)
- Semantics in England (and the USA) (1800-1950)
- Semantics (1820-1950)
- References (Secondary Sources)
- Index of Authors
- Index Rerum
It is widely believed by historians of linguistics that the 19th-century was largely devoted to historical and comparative studies, with the main emphasis on the discovery of soundlaws. Syntax is typically portrayed as a mere sideline of these studies, while semantics is seldom even mentioned. If it comes into view at all, it is usually assumed to have been confined to diachronic lexical semantics and the construction of some (mostly ill-conceived) typologies of semantic change. This book aims to destroy some of these prejudices and to show that in Europe semantics was an important, although controversial, area at that time. Synchronic mechanisms of semantic change were discovered and increasing attention was paid to the context of the sentence, to the speech situation and the users of the language. From being a semantics of transformations', a child of the biological-geological paradigm of historical linguistics with its close links to etymology and lexicography, the field matured into a semantics of comprehension and communication, set within a general linguistics and closely related to the emerging fields of psychology and sociology.
Table of contents:
- 1.0 Introduction
- 1.1 The Importance of the History of Semantics for the History of Linguistics
- 1.2 Review of Literature
- 1.3 The Purpose and Scope of This Book
- 1.4 General Overview
- Part I
- 2.0 The Development of Semasiology in Germany
- 2.1 Introduction and Overview
- 2.2 Reisig ' A Broad Programme for Semasiology
- 2.3 Tobler's Etymo-Logical Semasiology
- 2.4 Haase ' Semasiology between History and Philosophy
- 2.5 Heerdegen ' Logico-Historical Semasiology at Its Best
- 2.6 Hey ' Towards a Psychological Semasiology
- 2.7 The Psychological Tradition in Semasiology ' Völkerpsychologie Mark 1
- 2.8 The Schoolmasters' Interlude ' Thomas and Schmidt
- 2.9 The Psychological Tradition in Semasiology ' Völkerpsychologie Mark 2
- 2.10 Official Semantics and Semantic Innovators
- 2.11 Meaning and Emotion
- 2.12 Stern's Theory of Meaning and Change of Meaning
- Part II
- 3.0 The Development of la Sémantique in France
- 3.1 Introduction
- 3.2 Ideology and Lexiology
- 3.3 Littré ' Semantics and Lexicography
- 3.4 Bréal ' First Steps towards Semantics as a Human Science
- 3.5 Darmesteter ' A First Programme for Semantics
- 3.6 Back to Bréal and the Establishment of la sémantique
- 3.7 Back to Darmesteter and a Biological-Rhetorical Model for Semantic Change
- 3.8 Darmesteter ' A Centre of Innovations and Controversies
- 3.9 Bréal's Essai de sémantique
- 3.10 French Psycho-Semantics
- 3.11 French Socio-Semantics
- 3.12 From Diachrony to Synchrony
- 3.13 Conclusion
- Part III
- 4.0 The Development of Semantics in England ' From Sematology to Significs and Beyond
- 4.1 Introduction
- 4.2 Smart's Sematology
- 4.3 Garnett's Criticism of English Lexicography
- 4.4 The New Philological Approach to Meaning
- 4.5 Meaning, Action, and Mind
- 4.6 Language, Thought, and Meaning
- 4.7 British Contextualism
- Notes
- Abbreviations
- Bibliographies of Primary Sources
- Semasiology in Germany (1800-1950)
- La sémantique in France (1800-1950)
- Semantics in England (and the USA) (1800-1950)
- Semantics (1820-1950)
- References (Secondary Sources)
- Index of Authors
- Index Rerum