Resistin and adiponectin are recently discovered adipokines with postulated opposing action on insulin resistance. Adipokines are secreted from adipose tissue, however recent evidence suggests that these adipokines are also produced by inflammatory cells suggesting their role in inflammatory process. The aim of this study was to determine the serum resistin levels in periodontal health and chronic periodontitis and also to determine the effect of nonsurgical periodontal therapy on its levels.Results of the present study showed that there was increased serum resistin levels in the study group than the control group, however this difference was not statistically significant. There was significant improvement in the clinical parameters following nonsurgical periodontal therapy but the same was not reflected in the serum resistin levels.