Malnutrition is a set of clinical manifestations due to an inadequate intake in quantity and/or quality in the diet of nutrients necessary for normal growth and proper functioning of the organism. This was a retrospective study from 2019 to 2020, i.e. a period of 1 year for the retrospective and 2021 for the prospective, which aimed to measure the strength of the association between anemia and factors linked to severe acute malnutrition. A total of 13.5% severe anemia was found in children hospitalized for severe acute malnutrition during our study period, with microcytic hypochromic anemia being the most common at 83.5%. The age range was 13 to 24 months. Marasmus was the most common clinical form of malnutrition, with a rate of 88.5%. The median duration of follow-up at the nutritional rehabilitation center was