This book represents first report of using DNA markers for sex identification in date palm and jojoba genotypes grown under Sudan conditions. The study was conducted to identify sex of date palm and jojoba plants at the seedling stage. RAPD and ISSR markers were used for sex identification. DNA markers are useful in identifying the male sex in date palm and jojoba plants at the early stage of seedlings. The obtained results could contribute to promoting date palm and jojoba cultivation and production.