Although HIV/AIDS poses a serious economic burden due to loss of trained and skilled work force from the public sector, studies addressing this issue are few in Ethiopia. This work presents the sexual behavior and barriers to condom use among federal government employees in Addis Ababa. The logistic regression analysis employed pointed out the factors associated with multiple sexual partners and past condom use. Furthermore perceived susceptibility to HIV was found to be the most powerful predictor of condom use. Reducing risky sexual behavior among federal government employees requires an all embracing efforts and great deal of attention by anti HIV/AIDS task forces/committees at all levels