Performance indices and design charts can be used to quickly model and compare the structural efficiency of different shaped materials, layered systems and structural forms. This work presents a method for modelling the mass-efficiency of structures at the conceptual stage of design. The method is based on the concept of shape transformers, which describe dimensionless shape properties of a cross-section Shape transformers are size-independent and practical for defining classes of shapes in a way which is similar to the manner in which materials are classified. Used to formulate performance indices for lightweight shaped materials with arbitrarily scaled cross-sections and for plastic analysis of beams, shape transformers are conducive to visualize the effect of cross-section geometry and layer arrangement via material charts. These geometric operators help also to visualize the interaction between the selection of alternative structural forms and the choice of constituent membercross-section shapes. The method described here provides insight for engineers, students and educators involved in lightweight structural design.
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