The presented book analyses the shock loads on the railway vehicles. For this purpose the system state is studied at the end of the shock-wave process. Expressions determining motion kinematical components and the free damped vibrations are derived. Dependences describing energy losses are proposed. An optimization task is also solved. For that purpose the expressions describing the kinetic energy losses are analyzed and different ways to minimize energy losses are proposed. A research connected to running locomotive wheel pair axle is proposed by the last part of this book. Torque is usually transmitted to locomotive wheel pair axle using single-step gear box. In this case dynamic loads are considerable. Reductionless drives of a locomotive wheel axis as well as a research on the undergoing dynamic processes are proposed. This book can be used in engineering design of transmission systems on locomotives and in optimizing the transport process so that the loss of energy is minimal