This book reviews the work done in livestock on sister chromatid exchange (SCE) assay, the methodology for conducting the experiment to carry out experiment for screening the genotoxic effect of industrial pollution on livestock and displays the work on cattle. The base line sister chromatid exchage frequency for different breeds of cattle is worked out and statistically compared for elucidating the breed difference. The mean SCE frequency between the cattle population inhabiting the industrial area and the cattle population inhabiting in areas without prominent pollution is compared and discussed.