Irrigation has meaningful effect on the life of the societies in countries where the economy is based on agriculture. Small-scale irrigation serves to overcome the problem of extreme events of climate change and it can also serve as supplementary source of water that can increase agricultural production and productivity. It especially has critical impact in improving the income of smallholder farmers in developing countries and hence standard of living. Therefore, it needs special emphasis. Research findings related with such issues informs the way forward for different stakeholders. This book contains basic issues that will help to overcome the problem of irrigation practice and its impact analysis with special emphasis on income.