In the evolving world of industrial materials, conventional choices have proved to be insufficient to meet the demands of contemporary applications. With the introduction of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, groundbreaking synthesis approaches are crafting nanocomposites with unprecedented versatility. Smart and Sustainable Applications of Nanocomposites delves into this research, exploring the bioinspired synthesis of nanocomposites and their multi-dimensional applications across diverse industries. This book addresses the escalating challenges faced by the nano-industry, such as the widening application window requiring additional properties like high modulus, flame retardation, UV resistance, and more. The book champions the development of environmentally friendly nanocomposites, ushering in the next generation of nanomaterials by reinforcing fibers, whiskers, or nano clays. Unique substitutes like ceramic, agricultural waste, and polymer-layered silicate nanocomposites are thoroughly examined for their exceptional physical, chemical, and physicochemical properties. From triobiological applications to the synthesis of bio-nanocoating, the book spans an array of subjects, each chapter revealing the potential applications of nanotechnology and nanocoatings in diverse fields. It highlights the ethical and environmental implications of this burgeoning technology, making it a crucial resource for students, researchers, academicians, and industry professionals.