Please note that the content of this book primarily consists of articles available from Wikipedia or other free sources online. Smoking during pregnancy is linked to various effects on health and reproduction. This adds to the general health effects of tobacco. A number of studies have shown that tobacco smoking is a significant factor in miscarriages among pregnant smokers, and that it leads to several other threats to the health of the fetus. Experts also suggests that second-hand smoking presents an equal danger to the fetus, as studies showed that heavy paternal smoking increased the risk of early pregnancy loss...