What is news and why does it turn out the way it does? These questions are addressed in this Reader. Classic news studies representing several methodologies and approaches are presented to guide students in their initial exploration into the topics. Berkowitz provides an orientation for a social approach to studying news, departing from the premise that news is a human construction that gains its characteristics through the social world from which it emerges. The first section of readings introduces a theoretical background for analyzing the sections that follow. Each of the eight sections are…mehr
What is news and why does it turn out the way it does? These questions are addressed in this Reader. Classic news studies representing several methodologies and approaches are presented to guide students in their initial exploration into the topics. Berkowitz provides an orientation for a social approach to studying news, departing from the premise that news is a human construction that gains its characteristics through the social world from which it emerges. The first section of readings introduces a theoretical background for analyzing the sections that follow. Each of the eight sections are clearly and concisely introduced by Berkowitz, enabling students to interpret the salient points from and implications of representative articles in the field.
SECTION ONE: INTRODUCTION Why a Social Meanings of News Perspective? PART ONE: A FRAMEWORK FOR THINKING ABOUT NEWS The Sociology of News Production - Michael Schudson Has Communication Explained Journalism? - Barbie Zelizer Professional Mass Communicators - James S Ettema, D Charles Whitney, and Daniel B Wackman SECTION TWO: NEWS AS SOCIAL PRODUCTION PART TWO: SELECTING NEWS: THE INDIVIDUAL GATE KEEPER A New Gatekeeping Model - Pamela J Shoemaker The Gate Keeper - David Manning White A Case Study in the Selection of News Ms Gates Takes Over - Glenn L Bleske Refining the Gatekeeping Metaphor for Local Television News - Dan A Berkowitz Structure and Constraints on Community Newspaper Gatekeepers - G A Donohue, C N Olien, and P J Tichenor PART THREE: ORGANIZING NEWS: NEWS AS A WORKPLACE PRODUCT Social Control in the News Room - Warren Breed A Functional Analysis News Organizations - Charles R Bantz Conflict as a Crafted Cultural Norm News Reporting and Professionalism - John Soloski Some Constraints on the Reporting of the News Science Writers at Work - Sharon Dunwoody PART FOUR: PROFESSIONALIZING NEWS: NEWS AS JOURNALISTS NORMS AND ROUTINES Making News by Doing Work - Gaye Tuchman Routinizing the Unexpected News as Purposive Behavior - Harvey Molotch and Marilyn Lester On the Strategic Use of Routine Events, Accidents, and Scandal News and Non-Events - Mark Fishman Making the Visible Invisible Routines and the Making of Oppositional News - Nina Eliasoph PART FIVE: SELLING NEWS: NEWS AS ECONOMIC ENTITY Boundaries of Journalistic Autonomy - J Herbert Altschull The News Factory - Charles R Bantz, Suzanne McCorkle and Roberta C Baade The First Stage of News Production - John McManus Learning What s Happening The Competitive Ethos in Television Newswork - Matthew C Ehrlich SECTION THREE: NEWS AS TEXT PART SIX: TELLING NEWS: NEWS AS FAMILIAR STORY Mythic Elements in Television News - Robert Rutherford Smith Myth, Chronicle, and Story - S Elizabeth Bird and Robert W Dardenne Exploring the Narrative Qualities of News When Technology Fails - Richard C Vincent, Bryan K Crow and Dennis K Davis The Drama of Airline Crashes in Network Television News Non-Routine News and Newswork - Dan A Berkowitz Exploring a What-A-Story The Rape of Mike Tyson - Jack Lule Race, the Press, and Symbolic Types PART SEVEN: IDEOLOGY AND NEWS: NEWS AS SOCIAL POWER Journalists as Interpretive Communities - Barbara Zelizer The News Paradigm and the Ideology of Objectivity - Stephen D Reese A Socialist at the Wall Street Journal News of Battering - Marian Meyers Press Rites and Race Relations - James Stewart Ettema A Study of Mass-Mediated Ritual Science, Technology, and Risk Coverage of a Community Conflict - Cynthia-Lou Coleman PART EIGHT: EPILOGUE: APPLYING THE TOOLS TO STUDY NEWS
SECTION ONE: INTRODUCTION Why a Social Meanings of News Perspective? PART ONE: A FRAMEWORK FOR THINKING ABOUT NEWS The Sociology of News Production - Michael Schudson Has Communication Explained Journalism? - Barbie Zelizer Professional Mass Communicators - James S Ettema, D Charles Whitney, and Daniel B Wackman SECTION TWO: NEWS AS SOCIAL PRODUCTION PART TWO: SELECTING NEWS: THE INDIVIDUAL GATE KEEPER A New Gatekeeping Model - Pamela J Shoemaker The Gate Keeper - David Manning White A Case Study in the Selection of News Ms Gates Takes Over - Glenn L Bleske Refining the Gatekeeping Metaphor for Local Television News - Dan A Berkowitz Structure and Constraints on Community Newspaper Gatekeepers - G A Donohue, C N Olien, and P J Tichenor PART THREE: ORGANIZING NEWS: NEWS AS A WORKPLACE PRODUCT Social Control in the News Room - Warren Breed A Functional Analysis News Organizations - Charles R Bantz Conflict as a Crafted Cultural Norm News Reporting and Professionalism - John Soloski Some Constraints on the Reporting of the News Science Writers at Work - Sharon Dunwoody PART FOUR: PROFESSIONALIZING NEWS: NEWS AS JOURNALISTS NORMS AND ROUTINES Making News by Doing Work - Gaye Tuchman Routinizing the Unexpected News as Purposive Behavior - Harvey Molotch and Marilyn Lester On the Strategic Use of Routine Events, Accidents, and Scandal News and Non-Events - Mark Fishman Making the Visible Invisible Routines and the Making of Oppositional News - Nina Eliasoph PART FIVE: SELLING NEWS: NEWS AS ECONOMIC ENTITY Boundaries of Journalistic Autonomy - J Herbert Altschull The News Factory - Charles R Bantz, Suzanne McCorkle and Roberta C Baade The First Stage of News Production - John McManus Learning What s Happening The Competitive Ethos in Television Newswork - Matthew C Ehrlich SECTION THREE: NEWS AS TEXT PART SIX: TELLING NEWS: NEWS AS FAMILIAR STORY Mythic Elements in Television News - Robert Rutherford Smith Myth, Chronicle, and Story - S Elizabeth Bird and Robert W Dardenne Exploring the Narrative Qualities of News When Technology Fails - Richard C Vincent, Bryan K Crow and Dennis K Davis The Drama of Airline Crashes in Network Television News Non-Routine News and Newswork - Dan A Berkowitz Exploring a What-A-Story The Rape of Mike Tyson - Jack Lule Race, the Press, and Symbolic Types PART SEVEN: IDEOLOGY AND NEWS: NEWS AS SOCIAL POWER Journalists as Interpretive Communities - Barbara Zelizer The News Paradigm and the Ideology of Objectivity - Stephen D Reese A Socialist at the Wall Street Journal News of Battering - Marian Meyers Press Rites and Race Relations - James Stewart Ettema A Study of Mass-Mediated Ritual Science, Technology, and Risk Coverage of a Community Conflict - Cynthia-Lou Coleman PART EIGHT: EPILOGUE: APPLYING THE TOOLS TO STUDY NEWS
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