This study is an attempt to describe a community, which is founded by people whose level of aspiration involved the creation of a new culture Awra-Amba. This work represents my best efforts, but it can not be perfect. Those matters which are presented in it as being facts are the truth as I understood it from what I was told and from what I saw. It is very possible that there may be some errors in this work. For such errors and omissions, if such there be, I hope I may be forgiven, for they were not intended. Other matters which are discussed in this work are interpretations of the facts as I understand them, and they are the result of careful thought as this study in its entirety, derives from the researchers anthropological field research carried out in the community. In this thesis; therefore, I examine the changes in gender roles and value systems, which came largely as a result of Awra-Amba s motivation to found a new culture.