Oil palm has become an important source of revenue for smallholder farmers in the Littoral Region of Cameroon, but productivity of the farmers is generally very poor due to environmental and socio-economic constraints. Our research aimed to estimate the costs and benefits, and value added by each oil palm product and by-product. There were variations in the costs and benefits, and value added incurred by the actors on each oil palm product and by-product in the peak and off seasons. Oil palm production is a lucrative activity and a tool for food security and livelihood enhancement. The actors involved need to constitute themselves into common initiative groups so as to improve on the activity.