India today is the second largest producer of fish in the world after China. The fisheries sector has been growing at 6 per cent over the past five years. Apart from being a major foreign exchange earner, fisheries is the source of livelihood for over 14 million people. In the era of globalization, quality criteria need to be met through sustainable and eco-friendly ways avoiding use of antibiotics and chemicals. There is an urgent need to raise well trained human resources on sanitary measures, hazard analysis and eco-friendly farming. In Andhra Pradesh, the socio-economic and educational conditions have not improved as expected.This Book explains the livelihood, socio-economic and educational aspects, role of middlemen and moneylenders, acute shortage of effective and remunerative employment and their problems and perspectives.I trust this book useful for students, teachers, researchers, administrators and policy makers to understand the cultures of small scale fishing communities. Authentic references have been quoted wherever necessary. Any suggestions, comments, and constructive criticisms from the readers for improvement of the book, will be gratefully acknowledged.