The work summarised and reviewed the experience of the views of the great scientists and thinkers of history, who considered demographic development in close connection with the geopolitical and socio-economic aspects of state existence. The political factors in the emergence and promotion of Malthusian ideology and the pronounced anti-scientific character of the "law of diminishing soil fertility" are reflected. The concepts of geopolitics, "ethnic imperialism" and "living space" are clarified and expanded. The scientific, subject relationship between demography and geopolitics has been defined, and new scientific definitions such as "geopolitical demography" and "demographic geostrategy" have been proposed. The aims and methodology of Western projects and "soft power" technologies in relation to the population of other countries have been revealed. The role of secret societies and nongovernmental organizations in the history of the Russian state that have had a destructive impact on its most important pillars has been established. The conceptual provisions aimed at the formation of adequate socio-demographic and migration policy aimed at overcoming the demographic crisis in modern Russia, taking into account the current geopolitical realities, are stated.